As more Latin American countries turned to be illiberal left-wing regimes and anti-American, foreign powers saw an opportunity to gain strategic, political, and economic influence in a region that was historically part of the U.S.A.’s sphere of influence. Russia and China, competing with the United States for global influence, have been at the forefront of this regional penetration. Likewise, transnational crime and rogue states such as Iran have also increased their presence in Latin America. How did these new powers challenge the region and the U.S economically, strategically, and politically?

